Lossless MP3 volume adjustment - a modern mp3gain replacement written in Rust
mp3rgain
Lossless MP3/AAC volume adjustment - a modern mp3gain / aacgain replacement written in Rust
mp3rgain adjusts MP3 and AAC volume without re-encoding by modifying the global_gain field in each frame. This preserves audio quality while achieving permanent volume changes.
The only actively maintained CLI for lossless AAC/M4A bitstream gain adjustment.
aacgain (the historic CLI) has been unmaintained since ~2009 and rarely builds on modern 64-bit systems. foobar2000 also offers re-encode-free AAC gain on MP4/MKA via its "Apply ReplayGain to file content" feature (Windows GUI only, no undo). mp3rgain is the actively maintained, cross-platform, scriptable, undoable option for headless / batch / CI use.
Features
- CLI lossless AAC bitstream gain: re-encode-free
global_gainrewrite for AAC/M4A โ replacing the long-abandoned aacgain, with-uundo (foobar2000's GUI equivalent has no undo path) - Lossless & Reversible: No re-encoding, all changes can be undone (MP3 and AAC)
- ReplayGain: Track and album gain analysis for MP3 and AAC/M4A
- Zero dependencies: Single static binary (no ffmpeg, no mp3gain, no aacgain)
- Cross-platform: macOS, Linux, Windows (x86_64 and ARM64)
- mp3gain / aacgain compatible: Drop-in replacement with identical CLI
- GUI Application: Native desktop app for drag-and-drop workflow
Installation
CLI (mp3rgain)
| Platform | Command | |----------|---------| | macOS | brew install M-Igashi/tap/mp3rgain | | Windows | winget install M-Igashi.mp3rgain | | Arch Linux (AUR) | yay -S mp3rgain-bin | | Ubuntu 25.10 (PPA) | sudo add-apt-repository ppa:m-igashi/mp3rgain && sudo apt install mp3rgain (amd64/arm64) | | Debian | sudo apt install ./mp3rgain*amd64.deb (download) (ARM64 also available) | | Nix/NixOS | nix profile install github:M-Igashi/mp3rgain | | Docker | docker pull ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:latest | | Cargo | cargo install mp3rgain |
GUI (mp3rgui)
| Platform | Command | |----------|---------| | macOS | brew install --cask M-Igashi/tap/mp3rgui | | Windows | winget install M-Igashi.mp3rgui | | Arch Linux (AUR) | yay -S mp3rgui | | Ubuntu 25.10 (PPA) | sudo add-apt-repository ppa:m-igashi/mp3rgui && sudo apt install mp3rgui (amd64/arm64) | | Debian/Ubuntu | sudo apt install ./mp3rgui*amd64.deb (download) (ARM64 also available, requires Ubuntu 24.04+ / Debian trixie+) |
Binaries for all platforms are also available from GitHub Releases.
Quick Start
# Normalize a single track (ReplayGain)
mp3rgain -r song.mp3
Normalize an album
mp3rgain -a *.mp3
Manual gain adjustment (+3.0 dB)
mp3rgain -g 2 song.mp3
Undo changes
mp3rgain -u song.mp3
Show file info
mp3rgain song.mp3
Migrating from mp3gain?
Already running mp3gain (or aacgain) in a script, Dockerfile, or CI pipeline? mp3rgain is a drop-in replacement โ the CLI flags, the TSV output format, and the APEv2 mp3gainundo tag are all mp3gain-compatible, so existing parsers (e.g. beets) keep working unchanged. For most setups, migration is a one-line substitution:
sed -i 's/\bmp3gain\b/mp3rgain/g' your_script.sh
See docs/migrating-from-mp3gain.md for the full flag equivalence table, Dockerfile/CI substitution patterns, tag interop notes, and the small set of intentional behaviour differences. Bit-level verification lives in docs/compatibility-report.md.
GUI Application
A native GUI application (mp3rgui) is available for users who prefer a graphical interface.
Features:
- Drag-and-drop file / folder loading (recurses subfolders)
- Track and Album ReplayGain analysis (parallel, with Cancel)
- Apply Track / Album Gain โ shares the same
applywithoptionspipeline as the CLI - Options panel: Prevent clipping (
-k), Preserve mtime (-p), Wrap mode (-w), Use ID3v2 (-s i), Dry run (-n) - Modify Gain menu: Apply Track / Album / Manual (
-g) / Channel (-l) Gain, Undo (-u), Delete Stored Tags (-s d) - Analysis menu: Track / Album Analysis, Find Max Amplitude (
-x), Check Stored Tags (-s c) - Stored RG table column shows existing ReplayGain / undo tags (APE / ID3v2 / MP4 freeform) with a per-tag breakdown on hover
- Responsive UI: all batch work runs on a worker thread with per-file progress and a Cancel button
mp3rgui-*-macos-universal.dmg(macOS)mp3rgui--linux-x86_64.tar.gz/mp3rgui--linux-arm64.tar.gz(Linux)mp3rgui--windows-x86_64.zip/mp3rgui--windows-arm64.zip(Windows)mp3rguiamd64.deb/mp3rguiarm64.deb(Debian/Ubuntu)
macOS manual download: If you see "mp3rgui cannot be opened" warning, run:
>> xattr -cr /path/to/mp3rgui.app
This is not needed when installing via Homebrew.
Command-Line Options
| Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | -r | Apply Track gain (ReplayGain) | | -a | Apply Album gain (ReplayGain) | | -g <i> | Apply gain of i steps (1 step = 1.5 dB) | | -d <n> | Modify suggested dB gain by n (mp3gain-compatible; applied with -r / -a) | | -u | Undo gain changes | | -k | Prevent clipping | | -R | Process directories recursively | | --skip-errors | Keep album analysis (-a) going past unreadable files | | -n | Dry-run mode | | -j <n> / --threads <n> | Worker threads for analysis (default: auto, 0=auto, 1=serial) | | -o [fmt] | Output format: text, json, tsv (default: tsv if no argument) |
Run mp3rgain -h for the full list of options.
ReplayGain analysis runs in parallel by default (std::thread::available_parallelism() worker threads). Use -j 1 or MP3RGAIN_THREADS=1 for the legacy serial path. See docs/perf-parallel.md for the design and real-corpus benchmark numbers.
Documentation
- Migration Guide - Drop-in replacement for mp3gain: flag equivalence, sed/Dockerfile/CI substitution patterns, beets config
- Parallel Performance -
-j/--threadsdesign and real-corpus benchmark numbers - Roadmap - Development plans and upcoming features
- Security - Memory safety and CVE analysis
- Compatibility Report - Verification against original mp3gain
- Technical Comparison - Comparison with similar tools
- Use Cases - Integration examples (beets, headroom, etc.)
- Download Stats - Weekly download trends across all platforms
Why mp3rgain?
The original mp3gain has been unmaintained upstream since ~2015 (though distribution maintainers continue to apply security patches). aacgain, its AAC counterpart, has been unmaintained since ~2009 and is effectively unbuildable on modern 64-bit systems. mp3rgain is a modern, memory-safe replacement written in Rust that covers both.
AAC/M4A on the CLI is the differentiator. Among CLIs, rsgain / loudgain / FFmpeg either only write ReplayGain tags (which non-compliant players ignore) or re-encode the audio. foobar2000 has a comparable "Apply ReplayGain to file content" feature for AAC in MP4/MKA, but it is Windows GUI only, has no undo, and is unsuited for batch, headless, or container workflows. mp3rgain fills the cross-platform, scriptable, reversible niche.
mp3rgain implements the ReplayGain 1.0 algorithm (89 dB reference level) for full compatibility with the original mp3gain / aacgain. Loudness values will differ from EBU R128/LUFS-based tools (foobar2000, loudgain, ffmpeg loudnorm).
Use mp3rgain in Docker / CI
Official multi-arch images (linux/amd64, linux/arm64) are published to GHCR:
ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:latest
ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:v2 # latest 2.x
ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:v2.8.0 # exact version
The image is built FROM scratch with a fully static (musl) binary โ no shell, no runtime deps, ~2 MB. Drop-in replacement for mp3gain in containerized batch / cron pipelines (e.g. Plex maintenance windows):
# Normalize a music library by mounting it into the container
docker run --rm \
-v /path/to/music:/music \
ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:latest -r -R /music
Run as your own user so written files keep correct ownership
docker run --rm \
--user "$(id -u):$(id -g)" \
-v /path/to/music:/music \
ghcr.io/m-igashi/mp3rgain:latest -r -R /music
Because the entrypoint is the binary itself, all mp3rgain flags work exactly the same as the host CLI (-r, -a, -R, -k, -u, โฆ).
Library Usage
use mp3rgain::{apply_gain, analyze};
use std::path::Path;
let frames = apply_gain(Path::new("song.mp3"), 2)?; // +3.0 dB let info = analyze(Path::new("song.mp3"))?;
Contributing
Contributions welcome! See CONTRIBUTING.md.
License
MIT License - see LICENSE.
See Also
- Original mp3gain
- headroom - DJ audio loudness optimizer